插入语及插入句用法

插入语通常与句中其它成分没有语法上的关系，多半用逗号与句子隔开，用来表示说话者对句子所表达的意思的态度。插入语可能是一个词、一个短语或一个句子。

一、常用作插入语的副词举例

indeed 的确，certainly 当然，surely 无疑，however 然而，obviously（或 clearly，evidently）显然，apparently 很明显，frankly 坦率地说，naturally 自然，luckily (或 happily) for sb. 算某人幸运，fortunately 幸好，strangely 奇怪，honestly 真的，briefly 简单地说等

1. This computer is up-to-date, indeed. 这台计算机确是最新式的。
2. Certainly, she won't go to China Telecom with you. 当然她不会和你一起去中国电信。
3. Strangely, he has not been to China Unicom. Still more strangely, he has not called me. 奇怪，他未来过中国联通。更奇怪，他没给我打电话。
4. Fortunately I found the book that I’d lost. 幸亏我找到了已丢失的那本书。（Fortunately 后面也可用逗号。）

注：注意同一个副词有时作插入语，有时却作状语。

1）Frankly, I haven't been to Shanghai Museum yet. 坦率地说，我还未去过上海博物馆。（插入语。但下句中 frankly 作状语。）
2）Could you express your idea frankly? 你能坦诚地表达你的想法吗？

二、形容词或其短语作插入语举例

true 真的，funny 真可笑，strange to say 说也奇怪，need less to say 不用说，most important of all 最为重要的，worse still 更糟糕的等

1. Strange to say (或 True)，he should have done such a thing. 说也奇怪（或真的），他竟然做出这样的事。
2. Most important of all, you each over-fulfilled your own task. 最为重要的，你们各自超额完成了自己的任务。

三、介词短语作插入语举例

in a few words (或 in sum, in short) 简而言之，in other words 换句话说，in a sense 在某种意义上，in general 一般说来，in my view 在我看来，in his opinion (或 judgement) 按照他的意见（或判断），in conclusion 总之，in summary 概括地说，in fact 事实上，in the first place 首先，in addition 此外，of course 当然，to our knowledge 据我们所知，to her thinking (或 mind) 在她看来，to my joy (或 delight, satisfaction) 使我欣慰（或高兴、满意）的，to their surprise（或 astonishment, amazement）使他们惊奇的，to her regret（或 disappointment）使她遗憾（或失望）的，to my belief 就我所信，for instance (或 example) 例如, as a matter of fact 事实上等

1. In general, he confined himself to MBA. 一般说来，他所讲的以工商管理为限。（原意：使他自己限于…。）
2. a. Of course he did not succeed for the lack of experience. 当然，他由于缺乏经验而未成功。
   b. Of course I should like everything to be going smoothly. 当然我愿意一切顺利进行。（这种插入语也有不用逗号的。）
3. She knows much more about computer science than do the other students, for instance (或 example). 例如，她有关计算机科学就比其他同学懂得多。

四、常用作插入语的分词短语举例

strictly speaking 严格地说；generally speaking 一般地说，judging from… 根据……判断等。

1. Generally speaking, the major reason for soil erosion is the low coverage rate of forestry and grass. 一般说来，土壤侵蚀的主要原因是林地和草地覆盖率低。
2. Judging from his letter, a campaign against "white pollution" has been undertaken in his hometown. 根据他的来信作出判断，一场抵制“白色污染“的运动已经在他的故乡展开了。

注：不要理解为现在分词短语作状语，因为上两句中的 speaking 和 judging 的动作不是句中主语发出的。

五、常用作插入语的不定式短语举例

so to speak 可说是，or to say 或者说，to be sure 无疑地，to sum up 概括地说，to tell the truth 老实说等

1. To sum up, success results from hard work. 概括地说，成功是艰苦工作的结果。
2. To be sure, community service can aid re-employment. 毫无疑问社区服务能有助于再就业。
3. To start with, China is ready to strengthen scientific and technological co-operation with many countries. 首先，中国准备和许多国家加强科学技术合作。

六、插入句举例

I am sure 可以肯定地说；I believe 我相信；I think (或 suppose) 我想；I hope 我希望；you know 你知道；you see 你明白；I wonder 我不知道；that is（或 i.e. ）也就是说；it is said 据说；it seems 看来是；know it 就我们所知；as I see it 照我看来；what is important (或 serious) 重要（或严重）的是；what worries me 使我担心的是；I’m afraid 我怕等

1. It will result in success, I suppose. 我想，这件事终于会成功的。
2. I believe, up to the present (time), quite a lot of high technological companies have been built in this district. 我确信，到目前为止已有许多高科技公司在该地区建立起来了。
3. We left our university last month, that is to say, in May this year. 我们上月离开学校，也就是说，今年五月。
4. One day, it is said, Newton saw an apple fall from a tree. 据说，有一天牛顿看见一个苹果从树上掉下来。
5. As we know it, these cities have about one million internet users. 据我们所知，这些城市拥有一百万左右的因特网用户。
6. What is more important, information super highways can carry great amounts of information around the country quickly and cheaply. 较为重要的是，信息高速公路能把大量信息迅速、便宜地传遍全国。

七、以一般疑问句形式构成的插入句用于特殊疑问句中

1. How do you think an optical computer is different from your palm computer? 你认为光计算机和你的掌上电脑有什么不同？
2. what would you suggest we should do today? 今天我们做什么，你有什么建议？

从上面两句中可以看出：插入句是以一般疑问句形式出现，插在疑问词之后，而特殊疑问句本身的主语、谓语仍用陈述句的语序，没有颠倒现象。