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Because, Because of, Due to, Owing to, Thanks to 和 For 表示原因用法比较
Because, Because of, Due to, Owing to, Thanks to 和 For 表示原因用法比较
一、连词 because 作“因为”、“由于”讲,一般连接原因状语从句,偶尔引出表语从句
- He didn't go to school, because he was ill. 他因为有病没去上学。(原因状语从句,从句前可不打逗号)
- a. This is because she studies hard. 这是由于她学习努力。(表语从句)
b. The reason why we were late was that the school bus broke down. 我们迟到的原因是校车抛锚了。(that 不能用 because 代替,否则 reason 和 because 在含义上有点重复。)
有时主句为否定句,却否定原因状语从句。注意上下文和读时有无停顿。例如:
- A mountain is not valuable because it is high, but because it has trees. 山并不因为高而有价值,而是因为它有树林才有价值。
有时上述句型有两种解释,要靠上下文和中间有无停顿来决定. 例如:
- He did not go because he was afraid.
(a) 他因为害怕才没有去。(读时 because 前稍有停顿。)
(b) 他并不因为害怕才去的。(读时中间无停顿。)- It is because computer science is very useful that we study it hard. 正因为计算机科学很有用,我们才努力学习。(强调原因从句。)
二、because of 作“由于”讲,但后面只能接宾语
- The traffic was held up because of the accident. 由于出事故交通受到阻塞。
- I went back to the factory not because of the rain, but because I had a lot of work to do. 我不是由于下雨才回到工厂去,而是因为我有许多工作要做。
注:because of… 一般不能作表语用,应改用 due to… 或 owing to…(注意后者有时作“(这钱)是欠…的”讲)。due to… 或 owing to… 均可作原因状语,而原因状语 thanks to… 作“多亏…”讲,通常用于好的方面。
三、用 because 和 for 连接句子时的句义差别
- The ground is wet because it rained last night. 因为昨天下了雨,所以地很湿。(原因状语从句)
- Surely it rained last night, for the ground is wet. 准是昨天下了雨,因为现在地很湿。(这里连词 for 并不引出原因从句,因为地湿不是下雨的真正原因。because 连接原因从句,原因意味强,而 for 连接一个并列分句,只是对前面分句说明而已。)
四、介词 for 表示原因常取决于搭配的动词、形容词等的要求,为此必须注意上下文
thank sb. for his help 感谢某人帮助;
praise sb. for sth. 由于某事表扬某人;
feel great regret for sth. 由于某事深感遗憾;
punish sb. for sth. 由于某事惩罚某人;
be famous (或 well-known 等) for …以…著称(或出名);
a ticket for speeding 一张超速罚款单等