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Will 的主要用法
Will 的主要用法
一、will 用于第二、三人称的单纯将来时(美国英语第一人称可用 will 代替 shall)
- He will soon be able to read English. 他不久就能阅读英语。
- There will be a film in our university tomorrow. 明天我们大学有电影。
- It is said that she will fly to Japan next week. 据说她下周将飞往日本。
注:上句用法必须跟“主语+ is (或 are, am) + going + 不定式动词短语”区别开,因为后者用于已经作出决定或现在已经看出迹象要发生某事或某动作的场合下。例如:
1)Look-it’s going to snow. 瞧,要下雪了。
2)I am going to attend the lecture. 我准备去听讲座。
3)We’re going to fall down! 我们要摔下去了!
二、will 用于第一人称,表示“愿”、“想”、“要”之意,甚至可用于真实条件从句内
- We will bring up the problem at the meeting. 我们要在这次会上提出这个问题。
- I will go if you wish. 如果你希望我去,我就去。
- If you will allow me, I’ll work out a plan for the immediate present. 如果你愿意的话,我将制订一个从当前着眼的计划。(注意句中 will 是情态动词,何况真实条件从句常靠其主句用将来时态来表示从句内的现在一般时具有将来一般时的含义。)
- Come or go, as you will. 来去听你自愿。(句中 will 等于 wish。)
三、will 表示一种主观猜想,作“谅必”、“大概”、“将会”讲
- This computer doesn't work normally. It will be the one you bought ten years ago. 这台计算机操作不正常。这大概是你十年前买的那一台吧。
- This will be your beeper. 这谅必是你的寻呼机吧。
- You will have heard about it. 这事你谅必已经听说了。
- The task will have been completed by now. 任务此刻大概快完成了。
- Lisa will have left for Beijing by now. 莉萨此刻大概已动身去北京了。
四、will 作“经常、总是”讲,表示现在惯常性的动作;有时用 will 表示必然性和不可避免性,但只用于第三人称
- Whenever in trouble, we will always go to the senior engineer for help. 每当有困难时,我们总是找高工帮忙。
- The computer-controlled valves will open and close at regular intervals. 这些由计算机控制的阀门会按有规律的间隔时间开闭。(简译为:…按一定的间隔…。)
- whatever you may say, things of this kind will go on. 不管你说什么,这种事情必将继续进行下去。
五、“will not…”有时表示“总是不”、“说什么也不……”之意
- The motor will not operate. 这台电动机总是转动不起来。
- The cork of the bottle will not come out. 瓶塞(软木塞)总是弄不出来。
- The door will not lock. 这扇门说什么也锁不上。
- We have tried everything we could think of, but the car will not go. 我们已经用尽了能想到的各种办法,但是这辆汽车还是不能走。
六、will 和 would 类似例句比较
- They will dance and sing, but they are hungry. 他们肯定会唱歌跳舞,但是现在他们肚子饿了。(若用 would 代替will,语气就婉转,不如用 will 那么肯定。)
- It would be most convenient for you to come here. 这会是你来这里的最方便的时间。(语气婉和,若用 will,语气就比 would 肯定些。)
- She would have sung, but she was thirsty. 她本来要唱的,但那时她口渴。(第一句用虚拟语气,表示过去未实现的动作。不能用 will 代替 would。)
- She will sing unless she is hungry. 如果她肚子不饿,她一定会唱的。(若用 would 代替 will,口气就缓和,可译为:…她是会唱的。)