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Could 的主要用法 | 新编英语阅读手册

Could 的主要用法

Could 的主要用法

一、could 是 can 的过去式

  1. I could do it yesterday. 我昨天能做那件事。
  2. He told me that he could do it. 他告诉我说,他能够做那件事。

注:注意不宜用 could 表示过去某种具体能力(指在过去某一个场合做某事的能力。)

1) How many tickets were you able to get? 那时你能买到多少张票?
2) The luggage was quite heavy, but he managed to carry it. 当时那行李很重,但他能拿得动。
3) She succeeded in bringing me up to the top of the mountain?(当时)她终于把我带领到山顶。

注:以上三例都不宜用 could 造句。

二、委婉地提出问题或陈述看法

  1. Could you help me lift this iron plate? 你能帮助我抬起这块铁板吗?
  2. What could she be doing at this time of day? 她在这个时候可能在做什么呢?
  3. It could be about 3:30. 现在可能是 3 点 30 分。
  4. I could not go to the library. 我不能去图书馆。
  5. I think you could promote chain shops in this manner. 我想你们还是按这种方式创建连锁店。

这时,could 和 can 没有时间的差别。以上五句用 can 也可,不过用 could 较为客气、谦虚、委婉一些。

三、could 用于条件句和假设句的主句中

  1. If he worked hard last week, he could finish the work. 如果他上周努力工作,他就能完成那项工作。(真实条件句,其主句中 could 指将来,语气委婉。)
  2. If he had worked hard, he could have finished the work. 如果他(当时)努力工作,他早就能够完成那项工作。(假设句。实际上,他过去并没有努力工作,所以他未能完成那项工作。)

四、“could + have + 过去分词”表示现在对过去事物的判断,可译为“本来能够或本来可以…”,暗示当时未实现的动作

  1. They could have completed this work. 他们本来是能够完成这项工作的。(未实现的动作)
  2. He could not have done the experiment.(那时)他是不会做完那个实验的。(原意为:他本来就是不能完成那个实验的。)
  3. We could have done the work better. 我们本来可以把这项工作做得更好些。

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