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Both 的用法及注意点
Both 的用法及注意点
一、形容词 both 作“两个…都”讲
- Both (the) students have read a good few books. 这两个学生都读了不少书。(定语)
- Both cancer research and cloning technology are important to us。癌症研究和克隆技术对我们都很重要。(同上)
- There are trees on both sides of the street. 街道两旁都有树。(定语)
从上述前两句中可看出作定语用的 both 含有“两个……都”之意。第3句中的 both 用法还表明:街道只有两旁,没有三旁、四旁。
二、代词 both 作“两人”、“两者”讲,作同位语用,仍含有“两者都”之意
- Science and education both play an important part in the national economy. 科学和教育在国民经济中都起着重要的作用。
- They have both been to Beijing Computing Center. 他们俩都去过北京计算中心。(若改用 Both of them,则代词 Both 作主语。)
- She and I are both computer programmers. 她和我都是计算机程序员。
三、"both… and…" 起连接词作用,作“…和…两者都”、“又…又”、“不但…而且”讲
注意 "both… and…" 能连接各种并列成分,甚至两个句子。
- Both you and your son have given both your mother and myself a lot of trouble. 你和你的儿子两人都已给你的母亲和我两人带来了不少麻烦。("both… and…" 分别连接两个主语和两个间接宾语。)
- What he saw at that time both surprised and frightened him. 那时他所看到的情况使他感到既吃惊又害怕。(连接两个谓语动词)
- These materials are both useful and important. 这些材料既有用又重要。(连接两个表语)
- The word "sound" may be used both as a noun and as a verb. "sound" 这个词既可作名词用,又可作动词用。(连接两个主语补语)
- Copper is an important conductor,both because of its high conductivity and because of its abundance and low cost. 铜是一种重要的导体,因为它的导电率高,而且资源丰富,价格又低。(连接两个状语)
- It is necessary to build a lot of petrochemical works both because China is rich in petroleum and because there is a great demand for petrochemicals. 由于中国石油丰富,而且对石油化学产品需要量又大,所以有必要建立许多石油化工厂。(连接两个状语从句)
四、注意“both + 否定式谓语 + …”构成部分否定
- Both (the) instruments are not precision ones. 并非这两个仪器都是精密仪器。(=Not both instruments are precision ones.)
- Both of the films are not wonderful. 这两部电影并非都是精彩的。
注:若要把上句改为全部否定,就要用“neither… + 肯定式谓语”或“either… + 否定式谓语”。详见第 72,38 节。